Ukugxothwa kweRussia kwinkqubo enkulu yezemali yehlabathi kuya kwenza isithunzi kuqoqosho lwehlabathi, esele yonzakaliswe ngubhubhani we-COVID-19, iingcali zatsho.
I-United States, i-United Kingdom, iKhanada kunye ne-European Union yathi kwingxelo edibeneyo ngoMgqibelo ukuba "iibhanki zaseRashiya ezikhethiweyo" ziya kususwa kwinkqubo yokuthumela imiyalezo ye-SWIFT, emele i-Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication.
Ezi bhanki zaseRashiya ezichaphazelekayo, malunga neenkcukacha ezongezelelweyo ezingazange zichazwe, ziya "kunqunyulwa kwinkqubo yemali yehlabathi", ngokwengxelo.
I-SWIFT yaseBelgium, eyasungulwa ngo-1973, yinkqubo yemiyalezo ekhuselekileyo esetyenziselwa ukuququzelela ukudluliselwa kwemali emngceleni, endaweni yokuthatha inxaxheba kwiintlawulo ngokuthe ngqo. Idibanisa ngaphezu kweebhanki ze-11,000 kunye namaziko emali kumazwe angaphezu kwama-200. Isetyenzise izigidi ezingama-42 zemiyalezo yezemali suku ngalunye ngo-2021, inyuke nge-11.4 yeepesenti unyaka nonyaka.
Isiqwengana sezimvo ngoMeyi kulo nyaka uphelileyo kwiZiko lokucinga laseCarnegie Moscow lachaza ukugxothwa kwi-SWIFT “njengokhetho lwenyukliya” oluya kubetha iRussia kakhulu, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuthembela kwelizwe ekuthunyelweni kwamandla ngaphandle kweedola zaseMelika.
Umbhali weli nqaku, uMaria Shagina, uthi: “Ukupheliswa kuya kuphelisa zonke iintengiselwano zamazwe ngamazwe, kubangele ukuguquguquka kwemali, kwaye kubangele ukuphuma kwenkunzi enkulu,” ngokutsho kombhali weli nqaku, uMaria Shagina.
U-Yang Xiyu, umphandi kwi-China Institute of International Studies, wathi ukungabandakanyi iRashiya kwi-SWIFT kuya kuzisa umonakalo kuwo onke amaqela anxulumeneyo, kubandakanywa e-US naseYurophu. Uxinzelelo olunjalo, ukuba luhlala ixesha elide, lunokuphazamisa kakhulu uqoqosho lwehlabathi, utshilo uYang.
U-Tan Yaling, intloko ye-China Forex Investment Research Institute, naye wavuma ukuba i-US kunye neYurophu ziya kuba noxinzelelo olukhulu ngokunqumla iRashiya kwi-SWIFT, njengoko iRashiya iyindawo enkulu yokutya kunye namandla angaphandle emhlabeni. Ukugxothwa kunokuba yithuba elifutshane, njengoko ukunqunyanyiswa kwezorhwebo kuya kubangela impembelelo engalunganga yeendlela ezimbini kwimarike yehlabathi.
I-EU lelona lizwe lingenisa igesi yendalo likhulu kwihlabathi, kunye ne-41 yepesenti yomthamo othengwayo wonyaka ophuma eRashiya, ngokwesebe lamandla leKhomishini yaseYurophu.
Uxinzelelo "kwiibhanki ezikhethiweyo", endaweni yenkqubo yebhanki yaseRashiya yonke, ishiya indawo ye-EU ukwenzela ukuba ikwazi ukuqhubeka nokuthengiswa kwegesi yendalo ye-dollar yase-US evela eRashiya, utshilo u-Dong Ximiao, umphandi oyintloko kwi-Merchants Union Consumer Finance.
Ngaphezulu kweepesenti ze-95 ze-dollar ye-dollar ewela umda wehlabathi we-dollar-denominated transactions zicutshungulwa ngokudibanisa iinkonzo ezivela kwi-SWIFT kunye ne-New York-based Clearing House Interbank Payment System, ngokweengcali kwi-Guotai Jun'an Securities.
U-Hong Hao, umlawuli olawulayo we-BOCOM International, uthe iRashiya kunye noqoqosho oluninzi lwaseYurophu kuya kufuneka luphephe iintlawulo zeedola zaseMelika ukuba zinqwenela ukuqhubeka norhwebo lwegesi yendalo emva kokuba ukugxothwa kuqale ukusebenza, okuya kuthi ekugqibeleni kuhlawulwe isikhundla esiphezulu sedola yaseMelika emhlabeni.
I-SWIFT yaqhawula uxhulumaniso lwayo kunye ne-Iran ngo-2012 kunye no-2018, kwaye inyathelo elifanayo lathathwa ngokuchasene neDemocratic People's Republic of Korea ngo-2017.
UTan ovela kwiZiko loPhando loTyalo-mali laseChina ugxininise ukuba amanyathelo athatyathiweyo ngokuchasene ne-Iran kunye ne-DPRK ahluke ngokupheleleyo ekugxothweni kweRussia, ngenxa yobungakanani bezoqoqosho kunye nempembelelo yehlabathi. Ukongeza, uqoqosho lwehlabathi lwahlukile kumatyala angaphambili, kuba amanyathelo athatyathwe ngaphambi kwempembelelo yobhubhane, utshilo uTan.
Ngu SHI JING e Shanghai | ETSHAYINA IMIHLA | Ihlaziywe: 2022-02-28 07:25
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-28-2022